{"id":2483,"date":"2020-12-17T20:13:21","date_gmt":"2020-12-17T19:13:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/?p=2483"},"modified":"2020-12-17T20:13:25","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T19:13:25","slug":"nga-prof-zyhdi-dervishi-preza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/?p=2483","title":{"rendered":"Nga Prof. Zyhdi DERVISHI “PREZA”"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nga Prof. Zyhdi DERVISHI<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preza \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb krahin\u00eb q\u00eb shtrihet n\u00eb Veri dhe Veri-Per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs. Qendra historike e k\u00ebsaj krahine \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 22 kilometra larg qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb kryeqytetit. Deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve ’20 t\u00eb shekullit XX, Preza sh\u00ebrbente si qend\u00ebr administraive e 15 fshatrave p\u00ebrreth (Selenica, T., 1928: 218).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e dokumentuara p\u00ebr Prez\u00ebn jan\u00eb t\u00eb pakta dhe disi t\u00eb mjegulluara. Por edhe ato q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb provuar se Preza-Qend\u00ebr, gjat\u00eb Er\u00ebs s\u00eb Re, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb harkun kohor nga fundi i shekullit XV deri n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX ka pasur karakteristikat urbane t\u00eb nj\u00eb qyteti ose qyteze. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb mund t’u referohemi disa fakteve dhe arsyetimeve t\u00eb pakund\u00ebrshtueshme:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E para, N\u00eb shekullin XIX n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ka pasur qytete pa kull\u00eb sahati, por nuk ka pasur fshatra me kull\u00eb sahati. Mjaft studiues mendojn\u00eb se n\u00eb Prez\u00eb kulla e sahatit \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur mbi kull\u00ebn rrethore lindore t\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00ebs gjat\u00eb gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb shekullit XIX. N\u00eb vitin 1853 albanologu i shquar gjerman Johann George Fon Hahn ka vizituar Prez\u00ebn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, ai p\u00ebrshkruan edhe kull\u00ebn e sahatit dhe sahatin q\u00eb funksiononte. Sipas d\u00ebshmive gojore t\u00eb banor\u00ebve t\u00eb Prez\u00ebs deri n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore \u00e7anga e k\u00ebtij sahati d\u00ebgjohej n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb fshatrat p\u00ebrreth Prez\u00ebs deri n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E dyta, N\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shkrimet e ndryshme t\u00eb autor\u00ebve m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar vendas dhe t\u00eb huaj q\u00eb nga mesi i shekullit XV deri n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb viteve ’30 t\u00eb shekullit XX, Preza – Qend\u00ebr karakterizohet si qytet ose si qytez\u00eb. N\u00eb librin “Historia e Sk\u00ebnderbeut” t\u00eb shkruar latinisht nga humanisti i madh shqiptar Marin Barleti dhe t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb Rom\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet viteve 1508-1510 Preza karakterizohet si qytez\u00eb e parthin\u00ebve. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr p\u00ebr Prez\u00ebn, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera theksohet: “Pa dyshim k\u00ebtu shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra m\u00eb thon\u00eb t\u00eb parashtroj di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr zanafill\u00ebn dhe fatmir\u00ebsin\u00eb e lasht\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj qyteze dhe n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb fakti q\u00eb ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrmendur edhe p\u00ebr veprat e shkrimtar\u00ebve, gj\u00eb q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e panjohur, as u shp\u00ebton brezave t\u00eb m\u00ebpas\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrpara luft\u00ebrave civile t\u00eb Cezarit dhe Pompeit (vitet 49-45 p.e.r.), kjo qytez\u00eb zinte nj\u00eb vend mjaft t\u00eb nderuar n\u00eb krahin\u00eb; vet\u00eb g\u00ebrmadhat e saj dhe vet\u00eb gjurm\u00ebt e sendeve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta lejojn\u00eb t\u00eb shikosh dhe vlejn\u00eb t\u00eb parafytyrosh qart\u00eb shk\u00eblqimin e gjendjes s\u00eb dikurshme dhe bujarin\u00eb e lasht\u00eb t\u00eb vendit. Thon\u00eb se e pushtoi dhe e shkat\u00ebrroi Cezari, kur mbante t\u00eb rrethuar n\u00eb qytetin e Durr\u00ebsit, Pompein dhe Senatin romak. Dhe mbeti p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb i sheshuar n\u00eb at\u00eb gjendje g\u00ebrmadhe dhe as u duk\u00ebn m\u00eb pas ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb gjurm\u00eb rind\u00ebrtimi, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 atyre q\u00eb zelli i banor\u00ebve rip\u00ebrt\u00ebriu p\u00ebr nevojat e veta t\u00eb ndryshme” (2001:326-327).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX nj\u00eb nga njoh\u00ebsit m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar t\u00eb konstruksionit shpirt\u00ebror shpirt\u00ebror t\u00eb popullit shqiptar, t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs shqiptare, Shtjef\u00ebn Gje\u00e7ovi ka shkruar novel\u00ebn, q\u00eb plot\u00ebson edhe parametrat e romanit, t\u00eb titulluar “Mnera e Prez\u00ebs”. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr ai asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk flet p\u00ebr fshatin Prez\u00eb, por p\u00ebr qytetin e Prez\u00ebs. Madje jo p\u00ebr nj\u00eb qytet t\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdosh\u00ebm, por p\u00ebr nj\u00eb qytet q\u00eb realizonte dhe synonte nivele t\u00eb larta emancipimi t\u00eb vajzave dhe t\u00eb grave shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb botimin jubilar “10 vjet Mbretni 1928-1938” p\u00ebr Prez\u00ebn, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, theksohet: “E ringjallur prej Qeveris\u00eb Mbretnore si qend\u00ebr turistike, Preza po merr nji zhvillim t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm nga l\u00ebvizja e turist\u00ebve t\u00eb huaj q\u00eb vijn\u00eb me sodit\u00eb vjet\u00ebrsinat e k\u00ebtij qyteti historik” (fq. 262-263).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E treta. Sociolog\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb trajtuar me p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi \u00e7\u00ebshtjet socialkulturore t\u00eb urbanizimit si Toine, Wirth, Park etj., kan\u00eb argumentuar se m\u00ebnyra e jetes\u00ebs e qytetit ndikon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ndjeshme m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e jetes\u00eb s\u00eb banor\u00ebve t\u00eb fshatrave p\u00ebrreth. Mjaft fakte provojn\u00eb se n\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebn e shum\u00eb shekujve Preza, si t\u00eb thuash, e ka ushtruar nj\u00eb funksion t\u00eb till\u00eb ndikues, emancipues p\u00ebr fshatar\u00ebt q\u00eb banonin n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb krahin\u00ebn e m\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Fshatar\u00ebt p\u00ebr shum\u00eb koh\u00eb e quanin Prez\u00ebn sheh\u00ebr dhe banor\u00ebt e Prez\u00ebs sheh\u00ebrli, fjal\u00eb turqishte q\u00eb p\u00ebrkthehen p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht qytet dhe qytetar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb rrafshin arsimor, kulturor Preza ka qen\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb m\u00eb e p\u00ebrparuara se fshatrat q\u00eb shtrihen rrotull saj. Sidomos gjat\u00eb shekujve XVI-XIX, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb krahina t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nuk kishte asnj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb organizuar t\u00eb shkollimit, n\u00eb Prez\u00eb kan\u00eb funksionuar pothuajse gjithnj\u00eb shkolla t\u00eb orientimit fetar. Nga t\u00eb parat shkolla shqipe q\u00eb u hap\u00ebn pak muaj pas shpalljes s\u00eb Pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb m\u00eb 1912, ka qen\u00eb edhe shkolla e Prez\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E kat\u00ebrta, Sikurse edhe n\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera europianoper\u00ebndimore, edhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ka dallime t\u00eb konsiderueshme n\u00eb formimin shpirt\u00ebror t\u00eb banor\u00ebve t\u00eb qyteteve dhe t\u00eb atyre t\u00eb fshatrave. Modelimi psikologjik i banor\u00ebve t\u00eb Prez\u00ebs plot\u00ebsonte t\u00eb gjitha parametrat p\u00ebr t’u karakterizuar si modelim urban. Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, banor\u00ebt e Prez\u00ebs dallohen p\u00ebr toleranc\u00ebn, q\u00eb shp\u00ebrfaqet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb aspektet e veprimtarin\u00eb e t\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs, n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrmjet grupimeve sociale dhe n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrindividuale nd\u00ebrmjet banor\u00ebve me p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsi subkulturore, fetare e politike t\u00eb ndryshme. Tradicionalisht dhe n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona nd\u00ebr banor\u00ebt e Prez\u00ebs, jo vet\u00ebm nuk ka pasur konflikte p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje fetare, por ata i frekuentojn\u00eb rregullisht, pa kurrfar\u00eb paragjykimi fetar, vendet e shenjta myslimane e t\u00eb krishtera, pavar\u00ebsisht nga p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsia e tyre fetare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q\u00eb nga shpallja e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb (n\u00ebntor 1912) deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona her\u00eb pas here zhvillimet politike jan\u00eb karakterizuar nga intoleranca e konfliktualiteti i skajsh\u00ebm. Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore e m\u00eb pas konfliktet p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje politike n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb shqiptare u agravuan m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebto vite tensionesh politike, banor\u00ebt e Prez\u00ebs ofruan modelet m\u00eb humane t\u00eb toleranc\u00ebs e t\u00eb mir\u00ebkuptimit. T\u00eb inkuadruar n\u00eb formacionet politike kryesore q\u00eb vepronin gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore si Partia Komuniste, Balli Komb\u00ebtar dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht Legaliteti, banor\u00ebt e Prez\u00ebs nuk u konfliktuan ashp\u00ebr, nuk u vran\u00eb me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin, si\u00e7 ka ndodhur n\u00eb shum\u00eb qytete e krahina t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet toleranc\u00ebs s\u00eb admirueshme banor\u00ebt e Prez\u00ebs arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb amortizojn\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm rrjedhojat shkat\u00ebrrimtare t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb klasave q\u00eb u imponua nga strukturat partiako-shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb regjimit totalitar socialist n\u00eb vitet 1945-1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb njedh\u00ebn e trazuar t\u00eb koh\u00ebs shumica e objekteve arkitektonike t\u00eb qytetit t\u00eb Prez\u00ebs jan\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruar ose jan\u00eb zhdukur plot\u00ebsisht. Ka mbetur deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona pothuajse vet\u00ebm kalaja, e cila ngrihet n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb vargut kodrinor t\u00eb Prez\u00ebs. Kjo kala ka form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb pes\u00ebk\u00ebnd\u00ebshi t\u00eb \u00e7rregullt me kulla t\u00eb rrumbullakta n\u00eb kat\u00ebr qoshe dhe me nj\u00eb kull\u00eb drejtk\u00ebnd\u00ebshe rreth mesit t\u00eb murit q\u00eb shtrihet n\u00eb drejtim Per\u00ebndim-Lindje. Kalaja ka gjat\u00ebsi 80 metra dhe gjer\u00ebsi 50 metra (Papajani, L., 1974: 167). P\u00ebr nga p\u00ebrmasat dhe trash\u00ebsia e mureve (1.3m – 1.4 m) kjo kala nuk ka qen\u00eb p\u00ebrllogaritur p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar rrethime t\u00eb gjata e bombardime me artilerin\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Mjaft fakte provojn\u00eb se kalaja e Prez\u00ebs ka sh\u00ebrbyer kryesisht si kull\u00eb kontrolli p\u00ebr rrug\u00ebn me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi ekonomike dhe ushtarake q\u00eb lidhte Durr\u00ebsin me Kruj\u00ebn dhe me Shkodr\u00ebn. Gjithashtu kjo kala p\u00ebrb\u00ebn edhe nj\u00eb pik\u00eb komunikimi vizual ose t\u00eb p\u00ebrcjelljes s\u00eb mesazheve n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet sinjaleve pamore nd\u00ebrmjet kalas\u00eb s\u00eb Petrel\u00ebs, t\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs, t\u00eb Durr\u00ebsit dhe t\u00eb Ishmit (Karaiskaj, Gj., 1981:107).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mjaft studiues mendojn\u00eb se kalaja e Prez\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb gjat\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb III pas Krishtit. Q\u00eb nga kjo koh\u00eb deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit XIX \u00ebsht\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar dhe rind\u00ebrtuar pothuajse krejt\u00ebsisht disa her\u00eb. Mendohet q\u00eb kalaja t\u00eb jet\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar m\u00eb her\u00ebt. Disa studiues arsyetojn\u00eb se s\u00eb paku q\u00eb nga shekulli i II para Krishtit dhe m\u00eb pas, Preza ka qen\u00eb aren\u00eb ku jan\u00eb zhvilluar beteja nd\u00ebrmjet ushtrive m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme n\u00eb rajonin e Ballkanit dhe m\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Flitet edhe p\u00ebr beteja t\u00eb zhvilluara nga ushtrit\u00eb romake. Nd\u00ebrsa albanologu i shquar gjerman Johann Georg Fon Hahn e zhvendos edhe m\u00eb n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi t\u00eb historis\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e relikeve t\u00eb gjetura e q\u00eb lipset t\u00eb zbulohen n\u00eb Prez\u00eb. Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, ai ka shkruar: “P\u00ebrsa u takon fosilizimeve t\u00eb gjetura n\u00eb vargun kodrinor t\u00eb Prez\u00ebs (Preschia), q\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb drejtimin per\u00ebndimor p\u00ebrkundruall Kruj\u00ebs\u2026 zoti Dr. Ami Bou\u00e9 i cil\u00ebsuar si nj\u00eb minier\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u2026” (2001 :29).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ndaj mendojm\u00eb se studimi me kritere shkencore i parahistoris\u00eb dhe historis\u00eb s\u00eb Prez\u00ebs, restaurimi i monumenteve t\u00eb saj, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht i kalas\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kontribut t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar “hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn” e atlasit kulturor, q\u00eb ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr Prez\u00ebn, kultur\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare shqiptare, por edhe p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e kultur\u00ebn e vendeve fqinje me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebn e historis\u00eb shk\u00ebmbimet ekonomike, kulturore dhe p\u00ebrplasjet ushtarake kan\u00eb qen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta dhe m\u00eb ndikuese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Nga Prof. Zyhdi DERVISHI Preza \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb krahin\u00eb q\u00eb shtrihet n\u00eb Veri dhe Veri-Per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs. Qendra historike e k\u00ebsaj krahine \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 22 kilometra larg qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb kryeqytetit. Deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve ’20 t\u00eb shekullit XX, Preza sh\u00ebrbente si qend\u00ebr administraive e 15 fshatrave p\u00ebrreth (Selenica, T., 1928: 218). T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e dokumentuara …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2487,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/4CC733C6-7EC0-4A35-8DBD-C90DB1F44898.jpeg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2483"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2488,"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483\/revisions\/2488"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/voranews.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}